The fungus Ascosphaera apis, an obligate fungal pathogen of honey bee brood, causes chalkbrood disease in honey bee larvae worldwide.Biological characteristics of the fungal pathogen and the molecular interactions between A.apis and honey bees have been studied extensively.However, little is known about the effects of A.apis infection on antioxidan
Gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere takes place through stomatal pores formed by paired guard cells.Grasses develop a unique stomatal structure that Safety Glasses consists of two dumbbell-shaped guard cells flanked by lateral subsidiary cells.These structures confer a very efficient gas exchange capacity, which may have contributed t
This study carries out a detailed full-scale investigation on the strong wind characteristics at a cable-stayed bridge site and associated buffeting response of the bridge structure during construction, using a field monitoring system.It is found that the wind turbulence parameters during the typhoon and monsoon conditions share a considerable amou
Dalam suatu komunikasi, pesan yang disampaikan belum tentu diterima dengan benar dan sesuai dengan yang dimaksud oleh pengirim pesan.Keberhasilan proses penyampaian informasi tidak terlepas dengan media komunikasi yang digunakan dalam berkomunikasi.E-Government menuntut pemerintahan yang melek teknologi.Oleh karenanya dalam bidang pemerintahan sepe